Res Ipsa Loquitur
非常喜欢法律英语中时不时蹦出的拉丁文。每次看到，都好像自己是在邂逅圣古先贤，并能感受到字母的亘古气息。今天就来分享Res Ipsa Loquitur, 翻译过来就是事实自证。
The doctrine of res ipsa loquitur requires the plaintiff to show that:
1. the accident causing the injury is a type that would not normally occur unless someone was negligence.
2. the negligence is probably attributable to the defendant (e.g., the instrumentality causing the injury was in the exclusive control of the defendant).
事实自证理论需要原告证明：
1. 致伤事故正常情况下是不可能发生的，除非是基于某些人的过失。
2. 过失很可能是归因于被告（比如说被告是致害工具的唯一控制人）。
For example, a vase fell from a window in D’s building, landing on P. Despite lack of direct proof of breach, because the vase does not normally fall out of windows unless D is negligent and because D had control of the vase.
例如：一个花瓶从被告房子的窗户里飞出来砸到原告。尽管没有直接过错证据，但原告可以证明，如果不是被告的过失以及被告是这个花瓶的唯一控制人，通常情况下，这个花瓶是不可能从窗口里飞出来的。
Given that res ipsa loquitur is a permissible inference，the plaintiff can still lose if the inference of negligence is rejected by the trier of fact.
鉴于事实自证是一种可允许的推理，如果事实审判者否定这一过失推理，原告依然有可能败诉。
In product liability cases, the plaintiff may invoke res ipsa loquitur if the defect is something that would not usually occur without the manufacture’s negligence. However, it is very difficult to hold intermediaries liable for negligence because they can usually satisfy their duty through a cursory inspection, unless the intermediary’s conduct exceeds ordinary foreseeable negligence.
在产品责任案件中，原告可以使用事实自证，如果产品缺陷不会发生除非生产商存在过失。但是很难追究中间商的过失责任，因为他们通常可以通过粗略的检查来履行义务，除非他们的行为超出了通常可预见的过失。
作者介绍
延彬彬律师
现为上海律宏律师事务所合伙人律师，民革党员。先后被评为民革上海市委三八红旗手、民革普陀区委先进个人，并在第一届上海律师学术大赛中获“代理词评选”优秀奖，持有证券从业资格证、上海市知识产权工作者证等。
执业领域：
不良资产处置，企业法律顾问，各类合同纠纷，劳动人事纠纷，婚姻家庭纠纷的处理，刑事案件以及行政案件的处理，医疗器械行业法律服务等。
执业理念：
每个人都值得拥有自己的私人律师。
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