Default and Default Judgment
缺席及缺席判决
被告不出庭，法院缺席审，原告必胜诉？一起来看看美国民诉法的规定吧！
Default 缺席
A defendant should respond to the complaint in 21 days after being served with process. If she fails to respond, the court clerk will note this on the docket sheet in the case. The plaintiff must move for entry of default. Until a default is actually entered, the defendant can respond by motion or answer even beyond 21 days. The entry of default cuts off the defendant’s right to respond.
被告应在起诉状送达后的21天内答辩，如未答辩，由书记员将此记录在案。缺席登记必须由原告进行申请。在缺席登记前，被告仍可答辩，即便超出21天。缺席登记切断了被告答辩的权利。
Default Judgment by Court Clerk
书记员作出的缺席判决
Enter of default does not automatically entitle the plaintiff to relief, she must seek a default judgment. The clerk of the court can enter a default judgment if
1) the defendant had made no response at all;
2) the claim itself is for a sum certain in money; and
3) the defendant is not a minor or incompetent.
原告并不能通过缺席登记自动获得救济，原告必须寻求缺席判决。书记员可以作出缺席判决，如果：
1) 被告从未答辩过；
2) 固定金额金钱诉请；和
3) 被告非未成年人或无民事行为能力人。
Default Judgment by Court
法庭作出的缺席判决
If any of the above is not true, the plaintiff must apply to the court for the default judgment. The judge will hold a hearing and has discretion whether to enter the judgment. The defendant is entitled to notice of the hearing if she has appeared in some fashion in the case. Unlike at trial, the plaintiff’s recovery in a hearing for a default judgment is limited to what is pleaded in the complaint.
如果不符合上述书记员缺席判决条件，将由法庭作出缺席判决。法官会组织庭审并自由裁量是否给予判决。如果被告之前以某种方式出现过，庭审应通知被告。不同于正式开庭审理，在缺席审理中，原告只能在其起诉状的诉请范围内获得赔偿。
Motion to Set Aside Default or Default Judgment
搁置缺席或缺席判决的动议
The defendant may move to have the court set aside a default or default judgment by showing good cause and a viable defense.
如果被告有充分的理由以及可切实可行的抗辩，被告可以申请法庭搁置缺席或缺席判决。
我国《民事诉讼法》
第一百四十七条 被告经传票传唤，无正当理由拒不到庭的，或者未经法庭许可中途退庭的，可以缺席判决。
作者介绍
延彬彬律师
现为上海律宏律师事务所合伙人律师，民革党员。先后被评为民革上海市委三八红旗手、民革普陀区委先进个人，并在第一届上海律师学术大赛中获“代理词评选”优秀奖，持有证券从业资格证、上海市知识产权工作者证等。
执业领域：
不良资产处置，企业法律顾问，各类合同纠纷，劳动人事纠纷，婚姻家庭纠纷的处理，刑事案件以及行政案件的处理，医疗器械行业法律服务等。
执业理念：
每个人都值得拥有自己的私人律师。
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w13764304810
